Historically the safest method for preventing people from infectious diseases has been vaccine. Although there are many strategies for HIV prevention, the production of a safe and reliable HIV vaccine remains crucial to putting a permanent end to the HIV / AIDS pandemic. NIAID and its strategic collaborators pursue various research initiatives aimed at identifying candidates for next generation vaccines.

When exposed to an invading virus, the human immune system develops proteins called antibodies that become specialized to recognize and prevent infection by that particular virus. Thousands of strains of HIV-1 have been identified, and each can rapidly mutate to resist antibodies. Since HIV mutates over the duration of an infection, the viruses inside an infected individual form a so-called viral swarm of various HIV strains, which ensures that anticorps who can effectively combat one or even multiple strains are often unable to clear an infection.

The ultimate goal of any HIV vaccine or treatment is to prevent new infections by blocking the entry of the virus into the target cells. To do this, our bodies make antibodies that target the HIV envelope protein, the sole viral protein on the surface of HIV.

With the evolving science of HIV treatment in the last decade, new steps were taken to ensure a transition to new drugs and formulations with better efficacy, lower toxicity, limited contraindications and higher durability against drug resistance, to reduce the need to switch to more complex and expensive regimens and also to reduce the risk of HIV transmission at population level.

Some individuals produce potent antibodies that are effective against many different strains of HIV. These are called broadly neutralizing antibodies, or bNAbs, for their ability to neutralize a broad spectrum of HIV viruses.

This review tells about the future scope of the new invention towards the field of HIV /AIDS and their medicinal treatment. People who are interested can send their article towards our journal for publication through this link https://www.scholarscentral.org/submissions/hiv-aids-research.html.